The American driver had done enough in SQ1 to make it through to the second qualifying segment, with the 15th-fastest time in the new shootout session, but struck the wall at Turn 15 late on.
The impact with the barriers on the downhill exit damaged his car, with his right rear corner being ripped off, but Sargeant suffered no injuries.
Despite there being several hours between the end of qualifying and the start of the sprint to try to make repairs, Williams has run out of time to get it fixed.
The FIA announced just two hours before the start of the sprint that Williams had requested Sargeant’s car be withdrawn from the sprint – which the governing body accepted.
Sargeant’s absence means that the grid will be closed up, so those drivers that qualified behind him will all move up one position.
The disappointment of missing the sprint comes on a weekend when Sargeant appeared to have made some progress with his qualifying form as he made it through to Q2 for the first time this season.
He is due to start 15th for the grand prix on Sunday, just two places behind his team-mate Alex Albon.
Source: Autosport